I set up snoot.club so i could have a place to throw up quick ideas, and also to provide my friends with places to host their ideas. The goal was that I’d be able to run a script and very quickly have a new domain with a folder i could put things in that would show on that domain.

The DNS records are set up with a wildcard A and a wildcard AAAA record pointing *.snoot.club to the snoot.club linode. This way the moment a process starts listening on a given name (like chee.party), it is available on the net.

I’ve got a wildcard letsencrypt certificate set up on the site, so any subdomain of snoot.club is covered by the same certificate. Those are a bit of a nightmare to maintain because you have to do deploy two more DNS records every three months, but it’s worth it for the convenience during the other parts of the months.

I’ve thought about automating the 30 minutes it takes me every 3 months, using dig(1) and the linode api but that only ever seems like a great idea during those 30 minutes.

The idea was that a person (let’s call them jimmy) would ask me for an account, i’d run a script (create_snoot jimmy) and that would set up a base configuration for them that would give them a place to put files they wanted to be on their site jimmy.snoot.club.

do the easiest thing that could possibly work

Once I had the SSL certs and DNS sorted out, I wrote a collection of scrappy bash scripts to try out the idea.

The script generates them a user account on the snoot.club linux server, and puts them into a group called undercommon. It makes a directory for them that contains only their ssh^[1] public key (which will let them log in), and a folder called “website”.

There’s a section in snoot.club’s sshdconfig^[2] file that checks if people are in that group and then disallows them from using any program other than FTP software, and doesn’t let them view any files outside of their directory.

Match Group undercommon
	ChrootDirectory /snoots
	PermitTTY no
	ForceCommand internal-sftp

trust issues

I wanted people with more advanced needs to be able to do more advanced things, but I didn’t want them to have access the whole system.

After creating the unix account, and the ftp entry point for the snoot, the script also creates a docker container for them. That’s a kind of tiny machine of their own, that lives inside the snoot.club machine. The docker container forwards two ports: ssh and web (80). The http server configuration that is built when jimmy is created points jimmy.snoot.club at the whatever the docker container has running on port 80 (the web port).

I provide jimmy with a port for them to use when they are sshing in, (so they’d do like ssh root@snoot.club -p 33532) and then they ssh not into snoot.club but into the docker container that is jimmy.snoot.club. this way they get to do anything they want without having to have full access to the snoot.club machine!

the default app in the docker contain is a static server pointing at the “website” directory, the same one the user can see when they ftp in.

fun doesn’t scale

this system works fine until there are more than like 30-40 people. that’s fine. if it ever got popular it could be rewritten. it’s so easy to lose momentum of your ideas if you’re trying to plan for what if it ever gets bigger. most of them won’t, and it doesn’t actually matter! build things you want to for you and your friends, and if you ever need to make it better then you can do it then!

while i’m on that subject: we don’t need to all pretend to be brands, we should be doing silly things like having a completely different style sheet on every page and the web is mostly people, not companies. and the companies are also made of people. be people.

the rewrite

over the christmas and new year period i was in a barn at the bottom of a some rich folks garden in putney, and i rewrote the shell scripts in javascript. the bed there was very cosy and i also made a christmas dinner (but i didn’t cook the chicken right and it got scary).

this one works pretty good! the things it does are the same. it offers to download a new snoot’s authorized keys from github (thanks jake for this idea), and it prints out coloured messages and has emoji and feels pretty good.

i created a special image for the docker container that contained perl6 rakudo, and started the script with pm2 on boot and would restart the server if there were any changes.

time

so this worked really well for 6 months! kj built the facepainting and rowan did a throwback and abe built a shop and chee built some stuff. but then I started wanting it to be simpler. some problems had started to occur. here’s some things that we’d run into:

1. it was difficult to work together
2. docker containers take up so much space and memory??
3. it’s so complex
4. there were lots of ports, two per user, it didn’t feel right
5. i actually ran out of available docker network nodes or something? i dno

I started to look into other options. I created another chroot-based system that worked similar to how the ftp thing works but allowed more control. That still felt too heavy.

socks

Reading the node.js documentation i noticed this in the http module docs: server.listen() Starts the HTTP server listening for connections. This method is identical to server.listen() from net.Server.

and in the net.server docs one of the signatures listed is a Unix Domain Socket. now, i love unix domain sockets. i built a window manager in javascript that used a unix domain socket as its main form of management. it was cool. everything was a command. i used it irl as my main window manager for 6 months. the use of sockets was inspired by my favourite window manager wmii which was in turn inspired by the plan9 operating system created at bell labs. the same place that invented unix, lasers and wifi (also transistors and nearly everything else). (though both wmii and plan9 use the 9P protocol, not Unix Domain Sockets).

trust

Anyway, so, this is the solution. I’ve rebuilt snoot.club again and i’ve decided just to trust everyone. All the snoots have access to the main machine, they have read permissions on eachother’s website files (by default). And instead of ports the contract is that every snoot’s server listens on a file called sock.

subs(1)

in order to get this to work i needed to run a command simultaneously in every subdirectory of the /snoots folder and restart only jimmy’s server if only jimmy changed. For this i built a new tool called subs. it’s built in rust and it’s on crates.io. you can install it with cargo install subs.

Usage: subs [options] PROGRAM [root_dir]

Options:
	 -t, --type TYPE     set the management type [choices: watch, socket, none]
	 -s, --socket NAME set the socket path. sending the socket a message like
	 "restart xxx" will restart the process running in the directory
	 "xxx". [default: ./subsocket]
	 -i, --watch-ignore PATTERN pattern to ignore when watching (matches whole path)
	 -h, --help get help PROGRAM will be run in parallel in every subdirectory
   (SUB), as SUB's owner. A placeholder "{}" is available to PROGRAM, it will be
   replaced with SUB.

[default: none]

git

In a kind-of unrelated move I’ve been trying to pull back from using Google, Facebook, and Microsoft products.

Facebook I’m free from, the last thing was WhatsApp which i just straight up deleted and that’s been fine. email me

Google is off my phone and out of my search bar, but I still use their office suite at work.

Microsoft I had been fairly free of, but then they bought GitHub and I got unfree. So I’ve gone back to emacs from Atom (i’m enjoying it) and I’ve deleted or archived all the code that was on github.com and set up a cgit server and put them all there.

If you’re a snoot you can add your own things to git.snoot.club by making a bare git repo in ~/git/whatever.git and pushing to it.

more

the next thing i need to work on is some kind of documentation site for talking new snoots through how to log in, set up git repos, run their page locally, deploy etc. after all recent changes, the helpful getting started guide that was provided to all snoots is wrong and bad.

also a doc page for explaining that installing dependencies and building assets is their responsibility, but the start script will be run by the server.

also so many other things.

Footnotes:

— chee (hi@chee.party) 2019-08-17

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1. ssh is software that lets people securely log into one machine from another over the internet ↩︎

2. sshd is the software that runs on the computer you are using ssh to log into ↩︎